Ludwigshafen „3 Litre House in Stock“
The "Lübbenaubrücke" is an inner-city and housing cooperation project of the housing companies Wohnungsbaugesellschaft im Spreewald mbH (WIS), Gemeinschaftliche Wohnungsbaugenossenschaft der Spreewaldstadt Lübbenau e.G. (GWG) and the town of Lübbenau. With the development and initiation of urban redevelopment projects, public participation and town marketing, a location is being created with a sustained high quality of housing and life.
This project has been put into the archive. The project details will not be updated anymore.
Context
Source: LUWOGE
The „Brunckviertel“ estate in Ludwigshafen (pop. 162,000) is a 1930s BASF company town comprising about 500 residential units. In the 1990s, the apartments turned out to be not appropriate anymore. The LUWOGE (the housing association of BASF), the City of Ludwigshafen and the Federal State of Rheinland-Pfalz developed an extensive modernisation concept in order to keep the district attractive in the long term and to prevent resident migration. Old buildings should be modernised, adapted to modern ecological and technical standards and supplemented by new structures and partly replaced.
The modernization of an old building into an 3-litre house was included in the planning.
Project description
Source: LUWOGE
In the course of the modernization of the Brunckviertel estate, the LUWOGE demonstrated the energy savings potential achievable today when refurbishing old buildings. The building, which was converted into a 3-litre house, is a multi-family house containing 9 units on 700 sqm. The energy savings and the reduction of CO2 emissions were primarily achieved by the use of special thermal insulation. The old building is insulated by panels which are 20 cm thick and are made of a new Neopor insulation material. This new insulating material has a significantly better ability of insulation in comparison with conventional procedures.
In order to avoid heat bridges, balconies were built in front of the building. Every room is optimally aerated and vented by a controlled ventilation system. The exhausted air is drawn from the kitchen and bathroom and led to a heat exchanger. It transfers up to 85 % of the exhaust heat to the fresh air, which then, well tempered and filtered, flows back into living and bedrooms. That way all rooms are constantly supplied with fresh and filtered air and pollutants are consistently lead away.
The windows in the 3-litre house have a triple glazing and a U-value of 0.8 W/m2K. The synthetic frames are endowed with a core made of polyurethane foam. Further heat insulation is ensured by the inert gas filling between the glass panes. Compared with an ordinary window, the sevenfold amount of heat escapes through a single-glazed window.
To improve lightness, larger windows were built in. A convenient room climate is archived by latent heat accumulators, which were integrated into the interior plaster of the building material of the flats. In order to advance the future technology, the LUWOGE and their associates integrated a fuel cell into the 3-litre-house. The aim is to replace the conventional boiler by a combined heat and power unit consisting of a fuel cell and an auxiliary burner. In doing so, both the energy use and CO2 emissions are noticeably reduced.
Following 3 years of measuring and monitoring, the data of thermal heat needs have exceeded the expectations. The average consumption of 2.6 litres per sqm of living area and year in the 3-litre-house is beneath the 3-litre limit. Compared to a not renovated old building, the consumption is reduced by seven to ten times.
Project chronology
Year | Event |
---|---|
1997 | Estate modernization started |
July 2000 | Start of conversion activities in the model building |
April 2001 | Return of residents |
2004 | End of assessment period |
2006 | Planned finalization of estate modernization |
Aims
Source: LUWOGE
- Energy-efficient modernisation of estate stock by reducing heat energy consumption (“3-litre house”)
- Environment-compatible modernization of living space which is optimized in terms of room climate
- Impact analysis and gaining of knowledge to use newly developed construction and insulation materials or technologies respectively
- Knowledge transfer to future refurbishment schemes
Types of measures
Source: LUWOGE
- Use of an optimized insulation material for façade and roof insulation
- Installation of triple glazing for windows
- Passive solar exploitation by enlarging south windows
- Controlled apartment ventilation
- Use of micro-encapsulated latent heat accumulator plaster
- Use of fuel cell technology for room and water heating
Performance of a scientific measurement programme
The project was supported under the funding programme “Experimental Housing and Urban Development" (Experimenteller Wohnungs- und Städtebau) of the Federal State of Rhineland-Palatinate and included in the EU SUREURO (Sustainable Refurbishment Europe) project as a “best practice model”
Innovations
The ecological and technical ambitions in the modernization of estate stock are a particularly notable aspect of this project. This concept is able to save about 80 % of the thermal heat needs in the ”Brunckviertel”. By using various newly developed materials and technologies and by monitoring their impact scientifically, the “3-litre house” in Ludwigshafen has become a model for future refurbishment projects carried out on old buildings. By now, this project has been accepted beyond Ludwigshafen and is reproduced. The success of this building is based on a modern energy concept which shows what can be done with innovative building material in the field of the refurbishment of old buildings.
Sources
- LUWOGE Wohnungsunternehmen der BASF (housing society of the BASF): Das 3-Liter-Haus. Eine Innovation in der Altbaumodernisierung (The 3-Litre House. An Innovation in the Modernization of Old Buildings). Ludwigshafen
- Schubert, Dr. Wolfgang (2001): Das 3-Liter-Haus im Bestand. Sanierung und Modernisierung einer Altbausiedlung (The 3-Litre House in Stock. Refurbishment and Modernization of an Old Housing Estate). Speech at the 18th conference of the study group of central, eastern and southern European states. Leipzig
- Greifenhagen, Wolfgang (2003): Nachhaltige Revitalisierung eines Wohngebietes. Brunckviertel mit dem "3-Liter-Haus" in Ludwigshafen (Sustainable Revitalization of a Residential Area. Brunckviertel and the “3-litre house” in Ludwigshafen.). Speech at the sustainable urban development congress "Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung". Ludwigshafen
Further information
- The funding programme „Experimenteller Wohnungs- und Städtebau (ExWoSt)” (Experimental Housing and Urban Development) of the Federal State of Rhineland-Palatinate: http://www.fm.rlp.de
The projekt site ist to be found at postal code: 67063 - town: Ludwigshafen - street: Eschenbachstraße 40.
Poject site on Google-Maps: https://goo.gl/maps/vxqZkEs7FDv
Last update: 24.01.2018